ABSTRACT
Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory periodontal disease that leads to tooth loss. Recently laser has been introduced as an alternative treatment for periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet [Er:YAG] laser with ultrasonic scaler in patients with moderate chronic periodontitis
Methods: In this randomized single-blind clinical trial, 27 patients with moderate chronic periodontitis were selected. One quadrant of the patients was treated by Er:YAG laser and the other one by ultrasonic scaler. Clinical parameters, including periodontal pocket depth [PPD], papillary bleeding index [PBI] and clinical attachment level [CAL] were measured before, as well as 6 and 12 weeks after treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using Friedman test, paired t test, independent t test and Mann-Whitney test. The significance level was set at 0.05
Results: The means of clinical parameters in both groups were significantly improved in the first and second follow-ups [P < 0.001]. Although the means of PPD, PBI and CAL were slightly higher in the laser group than in the ultrasonic group, the differences were not statistically significant between these two groups [P > 0.05]
Conclusion: Although both ultrasonic scaler and Er:YAG laser could effectively improve clinical periodontal parameters, the results did not reveal the superiority of Er:YAG laser over ultrasonic scaler or vice versa
Subject(s)
Humans , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Dental Scaling/methods , Root PlaningABSTRACT
Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity is one of the most common complications that affect patients after periodontal therapy. Recently low level laser therapy has been introduced as a new treatment modality and has produced beneficial results. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of low level laser therapy toothbrushes in reduction of dentin hypersensitivity. Methods: In this pilot interventional controlled clinical trial, 40 patients suffering from dentin hypersensitivity were selected using simple r and omization. Half of the patients were given laser toothbrushes and the other half was given non-laser sensodyne toothbrushes. Primary dentin hypersensitivity was recorded by visual analogue scale [VAS] score and ice spray. Then dentin hypersensitivity was measured right after the treatment as well az in the intervals of 1 month and 2 months after initiation of the study. Data were compared using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences [SPSS] software and Analysis of variance [ANOVA] paired T test. Results: The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference in each of the two kinds of tooth brushes separately for all time intervals [P < 0.001]. Also the effect of the type of toothbrush was investigated using before treatment VAS with covariance analyses. P values for immediately, 1 month and 2 months after treatment were calculated to be 0.078, 0.02, 0.01 respectfully. Also the effect of the toothbrush type was significant in the manner that laser toothbrushes reduce dentin hypersensitivity more than ordinary toothbrushes [P< 0.05]. Conclusion: Both sensodyne and laser tooth brushes improve dentin hypersensitivity, although the laser toothbrush led to better results in short
ABSTRACT
Objective: Microbial plaque is among the main etiologies of periodontal disease, and tooth brushing with toothpaste is the most commonly used method of plaque control. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of tooth brushing with and without three different dentifrices
Methods: Thirty dental students were randomly selected to participate in this clinical trial and were asked to refrain from any plaque control measure for 24 hours. Candidates were then randomly assigned to one of the three groups of tooth brushing with Pooneh whitening toothpaste, Crest 3D White, Sensodyne Original and tooth brushing without toothpaste. Subjects were asked to brush their teeth for two minutes using the Bass technique. Plaque index was calculated before and after the intervention. This process was repeated until all subjects experienced all the understudy interventional protocols [tooth brushing with three different toothpastes and without toothpaste]. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and paired t-test
Results: No statistically significant difference was noted in the efficacy of plaque control by tooth brushing with Crest 3D White and Sensodyne Original and tooth brushing without toothpaste; however, significant differences were noted in this respect between Pooneh toothpaste and the remaining three tooth brushing protocols [p
Conclusion: Tooth brushing without toothpaste may have a plaque control efficacy equal or even higher than that of tooth brushing with toothpaste
ABSTRACT
Objective: Successful bonding of a dental implant to bone, which was referred to as osseointegration by Branemark has been well documented. However, long-term prognosis of an implant depends on adequate maintenance and long-term care. An effective maintenance program is required to preserve the health of peri-implant tissues. Several techniques have been suggested for this purpose; but it is not clear which is more efficient
Review of Literature: This review evaluates the literature regarding implant care and factors affecting the peri-implant soft tissue and describes the required measures for assessment of periimplant status and treatment of reversible peri-implant diseases
Conclusion: Data shows that several measures can be taken to maintain the health of peri-implant tissue and ensure the long-term prognosis of dental implants
ABSTRACT
Dentin hypersensitivity is one of the most common complications that patients suffer from after periodontal therapies. So far many investigators have used different types of fluoride and laser for treatment of this complication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 5% sodium fluoride varnish and [Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet] Nd:YAG laser and their combined application on dentin hypersensitivity treatment. The study is a prospective interventional clinical trial. We selected a group of 9 patients with a total of 60 hypersensitive teeth. Each patient had at least 4 hypersensitive teeth. These 4 teeth were randomly placed in 4 different groups. Group1 didn't receive any treatment. Group2 was treated with 5% sodium fluoride varnish [A Durashield Company product]. Group3 was irradiated with Nd: YAG laser [1w, 20Hz, 120s]. Group4 was treated by 5% sodium fluoride varnish and Nd: YAG laser combined [same parameters as group3]. The assessment of the patients' pain was done with cold air blast test [CAB] and visual analyzing scale [VAS] after stimulation using a probe and cold air. Patients' pain was assessed before and just after treatment, and also 2 hours, 1 week and 2 weeks after treatment. For the assessment of pulp vitality we used the electric pulp test [EPT] at each session. SPSS 11.5 was used to process the results obtained. For the CAB and VAS changes in different groups, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA as well as Post-Hoc-Tukey tests were used. For the comparison of the different treatment groups at each session, one-way ANOVA, Post-Hoc-Tukey and or Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. VAS and CAB scores didn't show any significant difference between different groups before treatment. Analysis of results obtained with two-way ANOVA test for repeated measures showed significant statistical differences for CAB and VAS scores in all groups between before and after treatment except for CAB score in control group. In the comparison of the fluoride varnish group and laser group alone with fluoride varnish-laser combined group using VAS and CAB scores, we found a significant difference. But we didn't find any significant difference for the comparison between the varnish fluoride group and the laser group using the same score. The use of 5% sodium fluoride varnish and laser for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity is accompanied by a placebo effect. Although it appears that, if we omit the placebo effect, we had an improvement in all 3 treatment groups. But this improvement was more obvious for the treatment group4 [fluoride -laser] compared to other groups.
ABSTRACT
Various methods have been used for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity such as dentifrices, sealants and different types of lasers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Neodimium:Yttrium-Aluminium-Garnet [Nd:YAG] laser in association with graphite on the dentin morphologic changes. In this experimental in vitro study, 16 freshly extracted third molars were selected. 5 specimens with the dimensions of 2×2×1 mm from root trunk were prepared. Specimens were randomly divided into five groups: group 1 [control, no laser irradiation]. Group 2, 3 irradiated by Nd:YAG laser 0.5 and 1W, output power respectively. Group 4, 5 smeared with graphite and then irradiated by Nd: YAG laser 0.5 and 1W output power. Samples were prepared for scanning electron microscopy. Number and diameter of dentinal tubules were determined in different groups and analyzed with the Kruskal-wallis and Mann-Whitney tests [SPSS 16]. The number of tubules had significant difference between all groups [P<0.001], except group 1 in comparison with group 2 [P> 0.05], and group 3 in comparison with group 4 [P> 0.05]. Micro-cracks and rupture of melted dentin materials were seen in group 4 and 5. According to the findings of this study, smearing with graphite on dentin surface increase the absorption of Nd:YAG laser energy and reduced the diameter and number of open dentinal tubules
Subject(s)
Humans , Graphite , Lasers, Solid-State , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Dentin SensitivityABSTRACT
An ideal toothpaste should have most plaque removal efficacy with at least abrasivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate enamel abrasion induced by 12 toothpaste types including Darogar 3, Nasim, Crest 7, Crest sensitivity, whitening signal, sehat, pooneh 3 color, paveh, whitening pooneh, crest 3D white, sensodine original and pooneh sensitivity. This was an in vitro experimental study. Dental samples collected after cutting were embedded in acrylic blocks, and the enamel surface polished to be smooth. The samples were divided into six groups of twelve. The initial surface profile was measured with the profilometry device and for brushing; the samples were located in VScross brushing machine. After washing and drying the samples, the secondary surface profile was measured with the profilometry device again. The value difference before and after brushing shows abrasion of the toothpaste on single micron. Data were analyzed by means of ONE WAY ANOVA. There was no significant difference in abrasivity among different toothpastes. The highest rate and the lowest rate of abration were observed in crest sentifivity and pooneh sensivity, respectively. The abration sensitivity pooneh; rate of other toothpastes were between these two rates. According to the results it has been revealed that there were no differences among enamel abrasion of common Iranian toothpastes
ABSTRACT
Dentine hypersensitivity [DH] is characterized by a short sharp pain arising from the exposed dentine, in response to a thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic or chemical stimulus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser therapy and desensitizing gel [Sensikin[Registered], Laboratorios Kin S.A., Barcelona, Spain] in treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. A total of 20 patients with at least 6 hypersensitive teeth were selected and divided randomly into three groups: Nd:YAG laser [10 HZ, 1W, 60 S, two times] treated group, Sensikin[Registered] treated group and a control group. Subjects were asked to apply the gel at home for the next week and 3 times a day as they were instructed. Assessment of the pain was performed by visual analyzing scale [VAS] after stimulation of the teeth by compressed air at 6 intervals: before treatment, immediately after treatment, one week, one, three and six months later. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS software, one way ANOVA and repeated measurement ANOVA tests. VAS scores did not show any significant differences between the three groups prior to treatment [P value>0.05], but in all groups after treatment VAS scores differed significantly in comparison to VAS scores before treatment [Pvalue<0.05]. This statistically significant difference in the control group demonstrated a placebo effect. However, the efficacy between the three groups was not significantly different. An overall comparison indicated no significant differences at various time intervals. Nd:YAG laser and desensitizing gel effectively reduce DH. However, we found no significant statistical differences between these two groups compared with the control group
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, various antibiotics and antiseptics are used as locally delivered adjuncts to scaling and root planing [SRP] in the treatment of periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of xanthan-based CHLO-SITE gel [xan-CHX] as a local adjunctive therapy to SRP in the treatment of moderate-to-severe periodontitis. In this controlled clinical trial, 6 patients with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis were selected. Each subject had at least three pockets 4-7 mm deep. Twenty-eight randomly selected pockets were assigned to the control group and 44 pockets were assigned to the test group. Scaling and root planing [SRP] procedures were carried out in all the pockets. In the test group, in addition to SRP, xan-CHL gel was injected into the pockets. Clinical indices [PPD, CAL, BOP, PI] before and three months after treatment were measured and evaluated by paired t-test, chi-squared and Kruskal- Wallis tests using SPSS software. At baseline, there were no significant differences between the control and experimental sites in relation to the indices measured. After 3 mouths, means of PPD and BOP in the experimental sites were significantly lower compared to control sites [p value